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Water Flow Chart #1 The chart below takes into consideration the potential damage from hydraulic hammer (shock) and noise considerations due to excessive fluid velocity. You can flow more than what is shown in the chart (see Chart #2 below) however, you may run into problems if you do. Assume Gravity to Low Pressure. About 6f/s flow velocity, also suction side of pump Assume Average Pressure. (20-100PSI) About 12f/s flow velocity Assume "High Pressure" PEAK flow. About 18f/s flow velocity* Sch 40 Pipe Size ID (range) OD GPM (with minimal pressure loss & noise) GPH (with minimal pressure loss & noise) GPM (with minimal pressure loss & noise) GPH (with minimal pressure loss & noise) GPM (with significant pressure loss & noise) GPH (with significant pressure loss & noise) 1/2" .50-.60" .85" 7 gpm 420 gph 14 gpm 840 gph 21 gpm 1,260 gph 3/4" .75-.85" 1.06" 11 gpm 660 gph 23 gpm 1,410 gph 36 gpm 2,160 gph 1" 1.00-1.03" 1.33" 16 gpm 960 gph 37 gpm 2,220 gph 58 gpm 3,510 gph 1.25" 1.25-1.36" 1.67" 25 gpm 1,500 gph 62 gpm 3,750 gph 100 gpm 5,940 gph 1.5" 1.50-1.60" 1.90" 35 gpm 2100 gph 81 gpm 4,830 gph 126 gpm 7,560 gph 2" 1.95-2.05" 2.38" 55 gpm 3300 gph 127 gpm 7,650 gph 200 gpm 12,000 gph 2.5" 2.35-2.45" 2.89" 80 gpm 4800 gph 190 gpm 11,400 gph 300 gpm 17,550 gph 3" 2.90-3.05" 3.50" 140 gpm 8400 gph 273 gpm 16,350 gph 425 gpm 25,650 gph 4" 3.85-3.95" 4.50" 240 gpm 14,400 gph 480 gpm 28,800 gph 700 gpm 42,000 gph 5" 4.95-5.05" 5.563" 380 gpm 22,800 gph 750 gpm 45,000 gph 1100 gpm 66,000 gph 6" 5.85-5.95" 6.61" 550 gpm 33,000 gph 1100 gpm 66,000 gph 1700 gpm 102,000 gph 8" 7.96" 8.625" 950 gpm 57,000 gph 1900 gpm 114,000 gph 2800 gpm 168,000 gph Water Flow Chart #2 Here is yet another set of data predicting the amount of flow through a straight piece of pipe. If you add any direction change (90's, 45's Tees, Wyes, etc) or potention restrictions (valves, elevation change, obstruction, etc) these estimates will also change. Pressure Flow in GPM through pipe ID in inches PSI 1" 1.25" 1.5" 2" 2.5" 3" 4" 5" 20 26 47 76 161 290 468 997 2895 30 32 58 94 200 360 582 1240 3603 40 38 68 110 234 421 680 1449 4209 50 43 77 124 264 475 767 1635 4748 60 47 85 137 291 524 846 1804 5239 75 53 95 153 329 591 955 2035 5910 100 62 112 180 384 690 1115 2377 6904 125 70 126 203 433 779 1258 2681 7788 150 77 139 224 478 859 1388 2958 8593 200 90 162 262 558 1004 1621 3455 10038 Water Flow Chart #3 Below is another data set we've run across. What is shows is how much flow you will get across a stainless metal ball valve of the length specified with a 1PSI pressure drop from one side of the valve to the other. Size (ID, inches) Length (inches) Flow (GPM) 1/2 4.25 26 3/4 4.62 50 1 5.00 94 1-1/2 6.50 260 2 7.00 480 2-1/2 7.50 750 3 8.00 1300 4 9.00 2300 6 15.50 5400 Note: The data is for water through the valve only, and does not take into account the rest of the system. It does not give flow velocity, so there is some question as to the applicability of the data. The data comes from a book for industrial piping and probably assumes a massive pump, high flow velocities and metallic pipes. (Ie, where water hammer and noise are less of a concern than with PVC pipe.) As always, "you mileage may vary."

GPM/GPH Flow based on PVC Pipe Size There are now 3 charts on this page showing water flow through a pipe. These 3 charts come from 3 different sources, and they all are just general guidelines. and should not be relied on as a precise source for information or as a substitute for engineering. The data between them does vary. In the chart to the left is a general guideline for how much liquid a pipe of specific size can flow in GPM (Gallons Per Minute) & GPH (Gallons Per Hour.) There are three columns. (Well there are really six, but each colum is shown in Gallons per minute, and then again as Gallons per Hour.) The first set of columns would be the minium you would expect for the pipe size shown using nothing but gravity in a low head pressure situation to power the flow. The 2nd set of columns show what you can expect using an average pump with a pressure from 20 to 100psi. The 3rd set of columns is the maximum flow based on maximum recommended velocity of the liquid in the pipe. You may exceed this, but you will have to contend with excessive noise and exceedingly high inertial impacts. (I.e. Possible system failure due to hydraulic hammer effects.) This is a very general guide and is subject to many variables. Pressure, noise allowance, bends, fittings, viscosity, etc. affect how much liquid will flow through a pipe of given size. If you can accept more noise and have higher pressure, you can pump more at the risk of system failure. If you have a lot of bends and fittings you will flow less. The flow rates shown should not produce unacceptable noise, however, many variables affect noise, so this is no guarantee that the system will be noiseless. Sometimes experimentation is the only sure way to know if a system will be noisy or not. The flow rates shown are for water, with viscosity of 1. Higher viscosity liquids will flow less, lower viscosity liquids may flow more. Note: One of the benefits of using Flex PVC pipe is being able to make long gradual bends instead of using fittings which will allow more flow with less noise, less back pressure, and less load on the pump. In other words, a more efficient system. *"High Pressure" is a general and non-specific figure. What might be "high pressure" for 1/2" pipe (600psi) may not be "high pressure" for 2" pipe (280psi). There are just too many variables to consider to give a real world number. The fact of the matter is, on a pressurized system, the pump will dictate the flow and pressure as much as the pipe used. To achieve the flow figures in the peak column, it's assuming there are no bends and a short straight flow path. If your system has bends and T's, Wyes, etc, you should go to a larger pipe to achieve the flow desired. Also feed pressure effects the system. If the feed pressure is too low, you can get cavitation and you'll damage the pump and flow very little. Specifications: Pipe Size Chart Flow Chart Flex PVC Pipe Specs Rigid Sch 40/80 Pipe Specs Clear Braided PVC Tubing Specs Clear PVC Hose/Tubing Specs Flexible PVC Pipe Application Guidelines FlexPVC Hose and Tubing Selection Guide Why it's important to buy Made In The USA FlexPVC.